John Hyat Gender: Male Birth Date: 22 Dec 1714 Christening Date: 1 Jan 1714 Christening Place: Westminster, London, England Father's Name: Richard Hyat Mother's Name: Magdalen Source Citation: Place: Westminster, London, England; Collection: St James; -; Date Range: 1693 - 1723; Film Number: 1042307. Name: John Hyat Gender: Male Birth Date: 6 Dec 1715 Christening Date: 30 Dec 1715 Christening Place: Westminster, London, England Age at Christening: 0 Father's Name: John Hyat Mother's Name: Joan Source Citation: Place: Westminster, London, England; Collection: St James; -; Date Range: 1693 - 1723; Film Number: 1042307. Sherborne Dorset Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales Circa 1870 SHERBORNE, a town, a parish, a district, a hundred, and a division, in Dorset. The town stands on a hill-slope, and on the London, Yeovil, and Exeter railway, 5 ½ miles E of Yeovil; was known to the Saxons as Sciraburn; acquired an abbey or minster before 700; was the seat of a bishopric from 705 till 1075, when the see was removed to Sarum; suffered devastation by Sweyn the Dane, in 1003; was given by William the Conqueror to Osmund de Sels, afterwards Bishop of Sarum, who built a castle at it; passed to successively the Crown, the Montacutes, the Duke of Somerset, Sir Walter Raleigh, Prince Henry, and the Digbys; sent members to parliament in the time of Edward III.; became an important seat of trade before the time of Henry VIII.; was described by Leland as, in his time, ” the most frequented town in the county;” sustained a siege of 16 days, resulting in capture and in the demolition of its castle, by Fairfax, in 1645; gave lodging for a night to the Prince of Orange, on his way to London in 1688; numbers, among its natives, Bishop Winniffe who died in 1584, the engineer Engelbert who died in 1634, and the theologian Dr. Towers who died in 1799; is now a seat of sessions, and a polling-place; publishes a weekly newspaper; comprises several good streets, regularly aligned; includes a market-place, with an ancient conduit; and has a head post-office, a r. station with telegraph, two banking-offices, three chief inns, a poor town-hall, a splendid church, three dissenting chapels, a recently-formed ultra-mural cemetery, an endowed grammar school with £883 a-year, three other endowed schools with £70, £40, and £25, national and British schools, an ancient endowed alms-house hospital with £666 a-year, a recent handsome hospital called Yeatman’s, a workhouse, and general charities £207. Ruins of the castle still exist, to the E, on an eminence near the town. A mansion, called S. Lodge, stands near the ruins; consists of a centre and two projecting wings; presents a quaint and antique appearance; and is the seat of G. D. W. Digby, Esq. The church occupies the site of the ancient minster; includes some portions of the ancient cathedral, in Norman architecture; was mainly rebuilt in the time of Henry VI.; underwent complete restoration, partly in 1849-50, partly in 1855-8; received further improvement in 1866; presents an appearance similar to that of several cathedrals; is cruciform, with a tower 100 feet high; and measures 200 feet from E to W, and 100 along the transepts. Some remains of a Benedictine abbey, constituted out of the original monastery in 1139, are on the N side of the churchyard, and consist chiefly of the refectory, crypt, and other buildings used for the grammar-school. The latter, as an institution, dates from 1550,—as an edifice is a quadrangular structure, recently restored; and has four exhibitions at the universities. The ancient hospital was refounded by Henry VI., for 16 men and 8 women; and is a venerable structure. Markets are held on Thursdays; a cattle market, on every alternate Thursday; and fairs, on 8 May, 18 and 26 July, and the Monday after 10 Oct.; and there are silk-throwing mills, employing about 600 persons. The town, within the limits of its local board of health, comprises part of S. parish and all Castleton parish. Pop. in 1861, 5,523. Houses, 1,072. The parish comprises 6,467 acres. Real property, £24,603; of which £150 are in gas-works. Pop. in 1851, 5,242; in 1861, 5,793. Houses, 1,119. The living is a vicarage in the diocese of Salisbury. Value, £300. Patron, the Crown.—The district comprehends also the sub-districts of Yetminster and Bradford-Abbey, and comprises 40,018 acres. Poor-rates in 1863, £7,258. Pop. in 1851, 13,081; in 1861, 13,463. Houses, 2,761. Marriages in 1863, 102; births, 430,—of which 33 were illegitimate; deaths, 291,—of which 107 were at ages under 5 years, and 7 at ages above 85. Marriages in the ten years 1851-60, 1,052; births, 4,095; deaths, 2,687. The places of worship, in 1851, were 29 of the Church of England, with 6,024 sittings; 5 of Independents, with 985 a.; 6 of Wesleyans, with 894 s.; 2 of Primitive Methodists, with 137 s.; 1 of Brethren, with 100 s.; 2 undefined, with 40 s.; and 1 of Latter Day Saints, with 30 attendants. The schools were 22 public day-schools, with 1,125 scholars ; 32 private day-schools, with 462 s.; 30 Sunday-schools, with 2,062 s. ; and 3 evening schools for adults, with 30 s.—The hundred contains 19 parishes and an extra-parochial tract; and is mainly in S. division, but partly also in Sturminster and Cerne divisions. Acres, 27,873. Pop. in 1851, 9,598. Houses, 1,914. Acres of the part in S. division, 24,324. Pop. in 1851, 9,174. Houses, 1,740.—The division contains also Ryme-Intrinsica liberty, and parts of the hundreds or liberties of Tollerford, Yetminster, and Sutton-Pointz. Acres, 34,312. Pop. in 1851, 11,366; in 1861, 18,556. Houses, 3,826. Source: The Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales [Wilson, John M]. A. Fullarton & Co. N. d. c. [1870-72]. Shepton Mallet Somerset Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales Circa 1870 SHEPTON-MALLET—popularly Shepun—a town, a parish, a sub-district, and a district, in Somerset. The town stands on the East Somerset railway, under the Mendip hills, 5 miles E by S of Wells; was known to the Saxons as Sepeton; figured as a place of considerable trade in the 14th century; was twice visited, in 1685, by the Duke of Monmouth and his troops; witnessed the execution of twelve persons, by order of Judge Jeffreys: underwent great vicissitudes at various periods; began to run a course of steady prosperity, about 1851; numbers, among its natives, Hugh Inge who died in 1528, the physician Carlton who died in 1709, and the theologian S. Browne who died in 1732; occupies a number of small elevations, with its chief street crossing a valley from N to S; consists of about ten streets, of rather mean appearance, but recently much improved; includes a considerable market-place, with a fine hexagonal Gothic market-cross, erected in 1500, and restored in 1841; is a seat of petty sessions, and a polling-place; publishes a weekly newspaper; and has a head post-office, a r. station, two banking-offices, two chief inns, a police station, a county jail with capacity for 169 male and 52 female prisoners, excellent water-works, an ancient cruciform church recently restored and enlarged, four dissenting chapels, a Roman Catholic chapel, a public cemetery of about 5 acres with two mortuary chapels, an endowed grammar-school with £30 a-year, national and British schools, a mechanics’ institute, a literary institution and reading-room, a horticultural society, endowed alms-houses with £359 a-year, a workhouse with capacity for more than 400 persons, and general charities £105. A weekly market is held on Friday; a cattle-market, on the third Friday of every month; and fairs, on Easter-Monday, 18 June, and 8 Aug. Brewing, boot and shoe-making, and the manufacture of silk, crape, and velvet are carried on in the town; and rope-making, brick and tile making, and bacon-curing, in the neighbourhood. Pop. of the town in 1861, 4,868. Houses, 1,036. The parish contains also part of Oakhill hamlet, and comprises 3,572 acres. Real property, £16,972; of which £150 are, in gas-works. Pop. in 1851, 5,116; in 1861, 5,347. Houses, 1,143. The manor belonged, before the Norman conquest, to Glastonbury abbey; went, soon after the conquest, to Roger de Curcelle; passed to the Malletts till the time of King John; went then to the Crown; and was attached in 1536 to the Duchy of Cornwall. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Bath and Wells. Value, £788. Patrons, alternately the Prince of Wales and the Wickham family. The p. curacy of Oakhill is a separate benefice. — The sub-district contains five parishes, and comprises 15,252 acres. Pop., 8,152. Houses, 1,726.—The district comprehends also the sub-districts of Stoke-Lane and Evercreech, and comprises 49,657 acres. Poor-rates in 1863, £12,019. Pop. in 1851, 16,957; in 1861, 16,619. Houses, 3,667. Marriages in 1863, 94; births, 474,—of which 37 were illegitimate; deaths, 262,—of which 64 were at ages under 5 years, and 19 at ages above 85. Marriages in the ten years 1851-60, 1,063; births, 5,143; deaths, 3,350. The places of worship, in 1851, were 25 of the Church of England, with 7,409 sittings; 1 of Presbyterians, with 155 s.; 2 of Independents, with 775 s.; 1 of Baptists, with 120 s.; 1 of Unitarians, with 133 s.; 18 of Wesleyans, with 3,462 s.; 4 of Primitive Methodists, with 380 s.; 1 of Wesleyan Reformers, with 50 s.; 1 of Bible Christians, with 195 s.; and 1 of Roman Catholics, with 65 attendants. The schools were 18 public day schools, with 1,271 scholars; 39 private day schools, with 740 s.; 35 Sunday schools, with 2,212 s.; and 1 evening school for adults, with 11 s. Source: The Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales [Wilson, John M]. A. Fullarton & Co. N. d. c. [1870-72]. Chelmsford Essex Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales Circa 1870 CHELMSFORD, a town, a parish, a sub-district, a district, and a hundred, in Essex. The town stands on a pleasant site, near the centre of the county, at the confluence of the rivers Chelmer and Cann, on the Roman road to Colchester, and on the Eastern Union railway, 29 ¾ miles NE by E of London. It derives its name from an ancient ford on the Chelmer; it was supposed by Camden, but incorrectly, to have been the Canonium of the Romans; it belonged, from the time of Edward the Confessor till that of Henry VIII., to the bishops of London; it got a bridge, about the year 1100, to draw through it the great eastward thoroughfare which had previously passed through the village of Writtle; it was constituted, in 1199, a market-town; it sent, in the time of Edward III., four representatives to a grand council held at Westminster; and it is now the political capital of the county, the head-quarters of militia, the seat of sessions, assizes, and elections. The town comprises four principal streets; includes the populous hamlet of Moulsham; and presents a modern and agreeable appearance. A beautiful iron bridge spans the Chelmer; a handsome, one-arched stone bridge, in lieu of the ancient one, crosses the Cann; and a viaduct of 18 brick arches, each 30 feet in span, takes the railway over the Cann. The Shire hall stands near the centre of the town; is an elegant edifice of Portland stone; has a rusticated basement, supporting four Ionic columns; and contains an open corn-exchange below, and a spacious handsome assembly or county room above. The county jail stands at Springfield, about a mile distant; and is on the radiating principle, with capacity for 330 male and 42 female prisoners. A neatly-sculptured conduit, of quadrangular form, about 15 feet high, stands adjacent to the Shire hall, and is supplied from a spring about a mile distant. Barracks for about 4,000 men, with defences against invasion, were constructed during the war with France, but subsequently demolished. The ancient parish church was of unknown date, but is recorded to have been repaired in 1424; it contained four guilds or chantries; and it fell suddenly to the ground on a night in January 1800. The present church occupies its site; is modelled externally in imitation of its architecture; has, at the west end, a square flint pinnacled tower; was opened in September 1803; and contains monuments of the Mildmays, and a fine organ. A small Dominican priory stood in Moulsham, on a site still called the Friars; and a modern church is now in that suburb. There are chapels for Independents, Baptists, Wesleyans, Primitive Methodists, Quakers, Latter Day Saints, and Roman Catholics. The Independent chapel is a fine spacious edifice, erected in 1840. The grammar school was founded in 1552, and rebuilt in 1782; has an income of £489 from endowment; and numbers among its pupils Holland the translator of Camden, Dee the astronomer, Mildmay the founder of Emmanuel college in Cambridge, and Archdeacon Plume. Alms-houses and other charities have £109. There is a neat theatre; and races are run in August, on an oval course of nearly 2 miles. The town has a head post-office, a railway station with telegraph, two banking-offices, and four chief inns; and publishes two weekly newspapers. Markets are held on Fridays, and fairs on 12 May and 12 Nov. Little manufacture exists; but a good trade in land produce is carried on. The Chelmer is navigable hither; and a canal communicates with the Blackwater. Pop., 5,513. Houses, 1,166. The parish comprises 2,841 acres. Real property, £19,324. Pop., 8,407. Houses, 1,750. The manor passed, in the time of Henry VIII., to the Crown; and was given, by Elizabeth, to the Mildmays. The living is a rectory in the diocese of Rochester. Value, £588. Patron, Lady St. John Mildmay. Moulsham church is a separate charge, served by a p. curate. Value, £290. Patron, the Rector. The sub-district contains also the parish of Widford. Acres, 3,533. Pop., 8,664. Houses, 1,800. The district comprehends likewise the sub-district of Writtle, containing the parishes of Writtle, Roxwell, Chignal-St. James, Chignal-Smealy, Broomfield, and Good-Easter; the sub-district of Great Waltham, containing the parishes of Great Waltham, Little Waltham, Great Leighs, Little Leighs, Boreham, Mashbury, and Pleshey; the sub-district of Great Baddow, containing the parishes of Great Baddow, Little Baddow, Springfield, Sandon, and Danbury; and the sub-district of Ingatestone, containing the parishes of Ingatestone, Runwell, Rettendon, Woodham-Ferris, East Hanningfield, South Hanningfield, West Hanningfield, Stock, Buttsbury, Fryerning, and Margaretting. Acres, 83,906. Poor-rates, £20,606. Pop. in 1841,30,607; in 1861,32,765. Houses, 6,916. Marriages in 1860, 172; births, 1,020,—of which 49 were illegitimate; deaths, 600,—of which 193 were at ages under 5 years, and 18 at ages above 85. Marriages in the ten years 1851-60, 1,869; births, 9,766; deaths, 6,270. The places of worship in 1851 were 34 of the Church of England, with 12,304 sittings; 15 of Independents, with 4,222 s.; 3 of Baptists, with 640 s.; 1 of Quakers, with 600 s.; 3 of Wesleyan Methodists, with 379 s.; 2 undefined, with 404 s.; 1 of the Catholic and Apostolic church, with 120 s.; and 3 of Roman Catholics, with 1,650 s. The schools were 41 public day schools, with 3,581 scholars; 64 private day schools, with 1,008 s.; 37 Sunday schools, with 3,097 s.; and 2 evening schools for adults, with 32 s. The workhouse is at Chelmsford.—The hundred is not far from being co-extensive with the district. Acres, 83,740. Pop., 32,608. Houses, 6,891. Source: The Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales [Wilson, John M]. A. Fullarton & Co. N. d. c. [1870-72].